[Ecommerce] Yale Information Society Project: International Symposium on Open Standards

[Thiru Balasubramaniam]

--
[ Picked text/plain from multipart/alternative ]

http://research.yale.edu/isp/eventsosis.html

About the Open Standards International Symposium
Yale Law School
February 3, 2007, New Haven, CT

Technological design is political. In a digitally networked
environment, technical decisions about the infrastructure of
information and communications technologies (ICT) can have a broad
impact on public policy, innovation, and economic growth. The decisions
governing these developing systems are increasingly being promulgated
in the form of standards. Technical standards are usually not
established by legislatures or elected representatives, but
increasingly play the mediating role of those institutions in resolving
social tensions, such as access to information versus property rights
and law enforcement versus individual civil liberties. Standards, once
entrenched, can endure longer than other policy mechanisms because of
user investments, product development investments, institutional
commitments, and preservation of industry hegemony among powerful
stakeholders. Economically, the intellectual property arrangements
underlying standards determine the competitive openness of certain
technology markets and intersect directly with global trade issues. On
a technical level, recent interoperability problems in government
services such as disaster response have prompted renewed political
interest in open standards. In response, governments have established
or renewed technical strategies based on open standards. Despite the
significance of open standards in the global ICT context, even the
meaning of openness is a contentious topic. This conference, the first
to address global open standards issues from an academic perspective,
has three objectives: =E2=80=A2 Shed light on the controversial and value-l=
aden
concepts of openness, interoperability, democratic participation, and
competitiveness in the context of standards. =E2=80=A2 Afford an opportunit=
y
for political and economic stakeholders to find common ground on open
standards. =E2=80=A2 Begin to craft a theoretical framework exploring the
concepts of open standards in the larger context of technology,
markets, politics, and law


-----

Speakers & Panels

Technology Panel - Economics Panel - Politics Panel - Law Panel

WELCOME AND INTRODUCTORY REMARKS

Jack Balkin
Eddan Katz
Laura DeNardis

TECHNOLOGY PANEL

Moderator:
Geoffrey Bowker

Speakers:
Jason Matusow
Ken Krechmer (Position Paper: Open Standards Requirements)
Peter Strickx
Carl Cargill

The success of the TCP/IP protocols has, in part, emanated from the
architectural openness of these network standards and the participatory
openness and transparency of the underlying standards process. Yet
recently, concerns about interoperability have turned to other
architectural layers of information exchange and some have suggested
that proprietary standards are constricting architectural openness at
the application layer. Defining =E2=80=9Carchitectural openness,=E2=80=9D h=
owever, is a
highly controversial exercise and many competing interests have a stake
in the outcome of this debate. Hundreds of organizations establish
standards for global information exchange and many have different
definitions of openness, interoperability, and compatibility. Those
outside the standards-setting process have their own definitions,
sometimes conflating independent technical variables of the underlying
standards specification, the actual code, the product implementing the
standards, and the resulting interoperability and functionality of the
product.

This panel will theorize issues of openness and interoperability in
technical standards-setting and seek to address some of the following
questions:

     * What architectural principles of information exchange, if any,
can inform theories of open technical standards (e.g. simplicity,
universal access, ubiquity, end-to-end access, architectural
flexibility, security, backward compatibility, scalability)?
     * What counts as a technical standard and as an open technical
standard and what are the implications of de jure versus de facto
standards ascent?
     * To what extent is architectural openness still a concern for
information standards and what are its consequences?
     * Who are the major stakeholders in the debates over architectural
openness and what is at stake? Can consensus be reached on what
constitutes openness?
     * How extensive is the mosaic of standards-setting organizations
and how divergent are their definitions of technical interoperability?
     * Can a layered architectural view of the Internet help define
openness?
     * Do the technical discussions of architectural openness simply
reflect underlying political, economic, and legal undercurrents?

top

ECONOMICS PANEL

Moderator:
Manon Ress

Speakers:
Rishab Ghosh
An Baisheng (Position Paper: Intellectual Property Right (IPR) Issues
in Standardization Part 1; Part 2)
John S. Wilson (Position Paper: A Quick Look at Regulation and
Information Technology)
Sherrie Bolin (Position Paper: Standardization as a Business Tool)
Bob Sutor

Because standards exert control over technology and those who use
technology, they represent a site of controversy mediating between
competing economic interests. Large multinational corporations have
historically dominated the standards process; influence over standards
can produce significant economic advantage. Some entities have used
intellectual property rights to maximize royalty revenue from adopted
standards. Others have used standards as part of product-marketing
strategies to create barriers to interoperability and restraints on
coms. Governments have recognized the importance of standards to
bolster economic competitiveness and as trade barriers and have
influenced standards development and adoption accordingly.

This panel will examine the issue of open standards through a lens of
economic theory and will seek to address some of the following
questions:

     * What would constitute an economic definition of open standards?
     * What is the theoretical relationship among open standards and
competition, innovation, and market effects?
     * To what extent do open standards and proprietary standards
provide network effects?
     * What is the distinction between the economic effects of open
standards in product implementation versus the political economy of how
standards, once developed, are adopted?
     * What is the relationship between the openness of standards and
global trade policies?
     * How is the concept of =E2=80=9Copenness=E2=80=9D used to advance eco=
nomic
interests?
     * Is there anything unique about the role of ICT standards as
mediating between competing economic interests?
     * From a user perspective, do open standards mandates produce or
inhibit product choice?

top

POLITICS PANEL

Moderator:
Alexander Galloway

Speakers:
Huang Rengang
Linda Garcia (Position Paper: Bringing the Public Interest into
Standard Setting)
Vittorio Bertola (Position Paper: The Age of Mass Standards)
Natalie Sunker (Posiiton Paper: Poltiical Issues--South Africa)
Victoria Espinel

The standards development process involves complex public policy
decisions. Though not written or promulgated by legislatures, states,
or courts, standards create regulatory structures that transcend
international boundaries and affect developing countries and others
without a direct voice in standards selection. The organizations
involved in setting standards exhibit disparate levels of participatory
and informational openness and many do not adhere to principles of due
process and consensus. Non-participatory, non-transparent standards
development based on closed membership and fee-based access to
specifications precludes the possibility of direct multi-stakeholder
involvement or open access to standards deliberations and
specifications. Once developed, government policies and advocacy toward
specific standards often intersect with national economic objectives,
military strategy, or political ideology. Some governments have
developed ICT procurement policies mandating that purchases be based on
open standards. Rationales for these policies have included political
requirements of embracing democratic principles of openness and
technical requirements for greater interoperability, but finding
precise definitions of openness and interoperability has been
difficult.

This panel will address political issues implicated by
standards-setting, including:

     * How can the public interest realistically enter the Internet
standards process?
     * How can standards decisions reflect the requirements of
developing countries?
     * What are the consequences of the various approaches standards
organizations take regarding procedural and informational openness,
membership requirements, fees, due process, and consensus?
     * Can theories of democracy inform discussions of the role of
standards institutions and the extent to which standards processes
should incorporate participatory and informational openness and
transparency?
     * What is the appropriate responsibility of national governments
and international governing bodies in open standards relative to
procurement, regulatory intervention and oversight, and standards
production?
     * To what extent are open standards democratically imperative in
politically important areas such as electronic voting and access to
public records?
     * Can and should international governance bodies develop a
legitimating system of accreditation of open standards principles for
standards-setting organizations?
     * In what ways can standards adoption policies bolster political
objectives or reflect prevailing global political tensions? What role
do transnational standards play in mediating these tensions?

top

LAW PANEL

Moderator:
Daniel Benoliel

Speakers:
Andrew Updegrove
John Morris (Position Paper: Injecting the Public Interest into
Technical Standards)
John Palfrey
Robin Gross
Amy Marasco

Technical standards are a form of transnational global rulemaking, one
that often operates independently of and invisibly to traditional legal
systems. Standards represent a tenacious form of rulemaking because of
the conservative momentum of user and developer investments,
institutional commitments, and the influence of powerful multinational
companies seeking to preserve or advance industry hegemony. The
esoteric and technical complexity of protocols and the closed
membership approaches of some standards bodies serve to obfuscate the
legal considerations and effects of technical specifications.
Additionally, legal issues related to intellectual property rights,
patents, and antitrust are at the heart of controversies and key
decision criteria about what constitutes an open standard. The
organizations setting technical standards for information exchange have
divergent policies about whether standards should be royalty-free or
available based on so-called Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory (RAND)
terms and whether members are compelled to disclose patents and other
intellectual property rights relevant to the implementation of a
standard.

This panel will examine the relationship between legal theory and
technical standards and address specific questions related to open
standards and the law such as the following:

     * To what extent, if at all, are technical standards a unique
method of transnational rulemaking? If so, what are the implications of
using such processes, and can technical standards be understood within
existing theoretical frameworks of law?
     * What legal arguments can help theorize definitions of "openness"
in standards?
     * Is it necessary to have one approach to intellectual property
rights in standards or does a diversity of approaches provide a
self-regulating market mechanism?
     * What should count as RAND licensing of open standards?
     * What are the legal considerations for and against defining =E2=80=9C=
open=E2=80=9D
standards as those that are royalty-free?
     * Could independently defined costs determine RAND terms and who
would decide fee structures?
     * Should standards organizations be able to =E2=80=9Cown=E2=80=9D stan=
dards,
especially those mandated by law? Should standards be eligible for
copyright protection? What are the global jurisdictional issues and
trade issues created by proprietary versus open technical standards?

top
Jack Balkin
Knight Professor of Constitutional Law and the First Amendment, and
Director, Information Society Project, Yale Law School



Professor Balkin received his Ph.D in philosophy from Cambridge
University, and his A.B. and J.D. degrees from Harvard University. He
writes in the areas of constitutional law, social and cultural theory,
cyberspace and telecommunications law, torts and jurisprudence, with a
special emphasis on the law of freedom of speech. He is the author of
many articles on various aspects of constitutional law, legal theory,
society, and culture. His books include: Cultural Software: A Theory of
Ideology (1998), Processes of Constitutional Decisionmaking (4th ed.
2000), Legal Canons (2000), and What Brown v. Board of Education Should
Have Said (2000).

Welcome and Introductory Remarks.
top
Eddan Katz
Executive Director, Information Society Project, and Lecturer in
Law, Yale Law School



Eddan Katz is the Executive Director of the Information Society Project
and Lecturer-in-Law at Yale Law School. He has written articles and
teaches in the areas of cyberlaw, intellectual property,
telecommunications, and Coming soon...ethics. He also wrote the
hypertext poem Revolution is not an AOL Keyword, which has since been
made into a T-shirt through the public domain license under which it
was released. Eddan received his J.D. from Boalt Hall School of Law at
UC, Berkeley in 2002, with a Certificate in Law and Technology and
honors in Intellectual Property Scholarship. He was a Visiting Scholar
at the School of Information Management and Systems at UC, Berkeley in
2002-3; and a Resident Fellow with the ISP in 2003-4. Eddan received
his B.A. in philosophy from Yale in 1997.

Welcome and Introductory Remarks
top
Laura DeNardis
Visiting Fellow, Information Society Project, Yale Law School



Laura DeNardis is a 2006-2007 visiting fellow in the Information
Society Project at Yale Law School. Her research addresses the
cultural, political, and legal dimensions of Internet technical
protocols and network security standards, including issues of democracy
and expertise relative to Internet standards setting. A technical
analyst in computer networking and security, Laura has published in
numerous technical journals and served as a National Science Foundation
reviewer in advanced network protocols, broadband innovations, and
Internet security. Professionally, Laura was previously a management
consultant in Ernst & Young=E2=80=99s information technology practice, spen=
t
many years as an independent network and security consultant, and
taught for three years as an adjunct professor in the School of
Information Technology and Engineering at George Mason University. She
holds engineering degrees from Dartmouth (A.B.) and Cornell University
(M.Eng.) and received a Ph.D. in Science and Technology Studies from
Virginia Tech. Her doctoral dissertation, IPv6: Politics of the Next
Generation Internet, described how IPv6, a new Internet protocol
designed to exponentially increase the global availability of Internet
addresses, has served as a locus for incendiary international tensions
over globalization and control of the Internet.

Laura is also a classical guitarist enamored with renaissance, baroque,
and 19th Century Spanish compositions. Click here to listen to one of
her recordings

Welcome and Introductory Remarks
top
Geoffrey C. Bowker
Professor & Executive Director, Center for Science, Technology,
and Society, Santa Clara University



Center for Science, Technology and Society, Santa Clara University =EF=BF=
=BD a
center whose mission is to research and promote the use of science and
technology for the common good.  He was previously Professor in and
Chair of the Department of Communication, University of California, San
Diego.  He has written with Leigh Star a book on the history and
sociology of medical classifications (Sorting Things Out:
Classification and Practice - published by MIT Press in September
1999).  This book looks at the classification of nursing work,
diseases, viruses and race.  His recent book, entitled Memory Practices
in the Sciences about formal and informal recordkeeping in science over
the past two hundred years, which includes extensive discussion of
biodiversity informatics, was be published by MIT Press in February
2006 and won the ASIST prize for best book in Information Science that
year. More information, including a number of publications can be found
at his website: http://epl.scu.edu/~gbowker.


Panel: Technology Panel
top
Jason Matusow
Senior Director, IP & Interoperability, Microsoft Corporation



Jason Matusow is the Senior Director of Intellectual Property and
Interoperability for the Microsoft Corporation. In this role he focuses
on a broad spectrum of issues including patent reform, copyright
activism, indemnification, and the licensing of Microsoft=E2=80=99s IP asse=
ts.
Additionally, he is a leading strategist for Microsoft=E2=80=99s global
commitment to interoperability and has additional responsibility for
the marketing and communications of Microsoft=E2=80=99s software standards
work.

Matusow and his organization have ongoing contact with product teams
and the executive staff of Microsoft as the company continues to
address issues at the intersection of business, technology, public
policy, and community. He maintains extensive contacts throughout the
software industry and academia to facilitate the flow of ideas and
information between Microsoft and others as the global community
continues to wrestle with the implications of new business,
development, and legal models.

Since joining Microsoft in 1995, Matusow has held a number of
assignments for the company. Prior to his current position, he spent
five years building and running the company=E2=80=99s business strategy and
implementation of its source code licensing initiative. Under his
direction, Shared Source grew to cover a broad spectrum of Microsoft
technologies reaching more than 2 million participants around the
world.

Commentary, musings and critique on the subjects of standards, open
source, and emerging business models can be found in his blog at
http://blogs.msdn.com/jasonmatusow. He has been published on the
subject of open source as a contributing author in the MIT Press book
Perspectives on Free and Open Source Software, and other academic
journals.

He is a frequent speaker at corporate and academic conferences and
symposia. Matusow has presented repeatedly for the Harvard Law School
Berkman Center for Internet & Society iLaw program as well as the
O=E2=80=99Reilly Open Source Convention, Open Source Business Conference,
M=C3=BCnchner Kreis Open Source, and for prestigious organizations such as
the U.S. Government CIO Council, the Progress and Freedom Foundation=E2=80=
=99s
Apsen Summit, and NATO. He has been a guest speaker at Cambridge
University, Wharton School of Business, Harvard Law School, MIT Sloan
School of Management and many other distinguished academic
institutions.

He has been in the software industry for more than 15 years. Before
joining Microsoft, he founded his own PC and networking business.
Matusow is a graduate of Boston University. He currently lives in
Portland, OR with his wife and two children.

Panel: Technology Panel
top
Ken Krechmer

Fellow, International Center for Standards Research, University of
Colorado, Boulder



Ken Krechmer (krechmer@csrstds.com) has participated in communications
standards development from the mid 1970's to 2000. He actively
participated in the development of the International Telecommunications
Union Recommendations T.30, V.8, V.8bis, V.32, V.32bis, V.34, V.90, and
G.994.1. He was the technical editor of Communications Standards Review
and Communications Standards Summary 1990 -2002. In 1995 and 2000 he
won first prize at the World Standards Day paper competition. In 2006
he received the joint second prize in the IEC Challenge paper
competition. He was Program Chair of the Standards and Innovation in
Information Technology (SIIT) conference in 2001 (Boulder, CO) and 2003
(Delft, Netherlands). He is a lecturer at the University of Colorado,
Boulder, CO, USA and a Senior Member of the IEEE. His current
activities are focused on research and teaching about standards.

(Position Paper: Open Standards Requirements)

Panel: Technology Panel
top
Peter Strickx

General Manager, Architecture & Standards, Fedict, Belgium



Peter Strickx holds a MSc in Computer Science (Artificial Intelligence)
from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), where he graduated in 1987.
 From 87 till 89 he worked as a research assistant with Prof. Luc Steels
(VUB) on second generation expert systems and software agents. In 91
Peter participated in starting Sun Microsystems Belgium. During his
10.5 years at Sun Microsystems Belgium he held various management
positions in Sales & Marketing as well as in more technical areas such
as sales support.

Since 2001 Peter Strickx is Chief Technology Officer at Fedict, the
Belgian Federal Government's eGov/ICT Service. He was the technical
lead in projects such as FedMAN, Universal Messaging Engine (UME)and
the Federal Authentication Service and co-authored papers on open
standards and the use of ODF. His interests include programming and
microprocessor & network technology.

Panel: Technology Panel
top
Carl Cargill
Chief Standards Officer, Sun Microsystems, Inc



Carl Cargill is Sun's Chief Standards Officer, reporting to Dr. Greg
Papadopoulos, Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. At
Sun, Cargill manages Sun's standardization strategies, activities, and
portfolio. He has been at this activity (standardization) for nearly
twenty years, and has written two books (Information Technology
Standardization: Theory, Process, and Organizations and Open Systems
Standardization: A Business Approach ), several chapters in other books
on the subject, and the "Standards" entry in the Van Nostrand Reinhold
Encyclopedia of Computer Science. He was the Editor-in-Chief of
"StandardView", ACM's journal of Standardization, and has written
scores of articles on the subject of standardization and its business
and strategic applications. He has testified several times before
Congress, and has been on panels for the Office of Technology
Assessment, the Chicago Federal Reserve Board, and the General
Accounting Office panels as an exper t on standardization.

He has held positions on the W3C Advisory Board and Advisory Committee,
the Board of Directors of the Open GIS Consortium, the Enterprise Grid
Alliance, The Open Mobile Alliance, Object Management Group, OSGI, and
numerous other groups. He was Chairman of the Governing Board of The
Open Group, as well as Chair of the Standardization Policy Committee of
the Information Technology Industry Council. He has been the Director
of Standards at Netscape, and a standards strategist at both Sun and
Digital Equipment Corporation. He has also been a product strategist,
marketing manager, pricing manager, and program manager for various and
sundry other companies in the IT arena.

His interests include Medieval History and the history of intellectual
capital.



Panel: Technology Panel
top
Manon Ress
Director, Information Society Projects, Consumer Project on Technology



Manon Ress works for the Consumer Project on Technology (CPTech) and
Essential Information, a Washington, DC- based non-profit created about
20 years ago by Ralph Nader and John Richard. Essential Information
provides information to journalists, activists and consumers all over
the world.

She works on various e-commerce and consumer protection issues such as
the definition of consumers, unfair contracts and tort liabilities and
on issues related to internet governance such as free speech, privacy
protections and fair use rights. Since October 2000, she has been a
consumer representative on the US Delegation to the Proposed Hague
Convention on Jurisdiction and Foreign Judgments in Civil and
Commercial Matters. She is focusing on Intellectual Property issues,
building public awareness and interest in debating the value of the
public interest in intellectual property rights.

Prior to her present position, she was the Director of the
Debs-Jones-Douglass Institute, a labor founded non-profit where she
worked on the use of the internet by labor unions. She was the Manager
of Education and Technology for an international team working on
distance education in Malaysia. She held teaching and research
positions at Princeton University and Temple University.

She received a BA and a Master's Degree from Universite de Nice, France
and a Master and a Ph.D. from Princeton University.

For a somewhat dated resume, click here.

Panel: Economics (moderator)
top
Rishab Ghosh
Senior Researcher, United Nations University, Maastricht Economic
and Social Research Training Centre on Innovation & Technology



Rishab Aiyer Ghosh - Research coordinator (OSI board member) Rishab
sees his role on the Open Source Initiative board not in advocacy, but
in promoting unbiased, evidence-based research on the socio-economic,
legal and technical aspects of Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS)
worldwide. He is Founding International and Managing Editor of First
Monday, the most widely read peer-reviewed on-line journal of the
Internet. He is Programme Leader at MERIT/International Institute of
Infonomics at the University of Maastricht, Netherlands, where he moved
from Delhi, India in 2000. He coordinated the European Union -funded
FLOSS project, a comprehensive study of users and developers, and leads
the FLOSSPOLS project studying government use, skills development and
gender issues in FLOSS. He is actively involved in initiatives related
to government policy on FLOSS in Europe and Asia. He conducts research
funded by the EU, the Dutch government and the US National Science
Foundation.

Panel: Economics
top
An Baisheng
Deputy Division Chief, WTO Department, Ministry of Commerce, People's
Republic of China



An Baisheng is a WTO trade negotiator and researcher at Chinese
Ministry of Commerce

(MOFCOM) where he is responsible for WTO/TBT related issues, including
3G, WAPI standardization. His current working focus is Chinese
submission to WTO Intellectual Property Rights Issues in
Standardization (G/TBT/W/251 and G/TBT/W/251. Add. 1). Before coming to
MOFCOM in 2002, he had worked for Chinese standardization authority,
General Administration for Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine (AQSIQ), where he was responsible for policy research on
Chinese international standardization competition strategies.

An Baisheng received his Ph. D (economics) in 2004 from School of
Economics of China Renmin University. He is a post-doctoral researcher
of law in Law School of Fudan University (March 2006 to March 2008).

An Baisheng has published a book of the economics of standardization
and some academic articles exploring the intersection of intellectual
property rights and anti-monopoly. He has given speeches on domestic
and international seminars on IPR and standardization, including 2005
Standardization and Law Seminar at Stanford University, 2005 APEC High
Level Seminar on Intellectual Property Rights, 2006 U.S. National
Bureau of Asia Research (NBR) and Tsinghua University Workshop on China
Standardization Policy.

(Position Paper: Intellectual Property Right (IPR) Issues in
Standardization Part 1; Part 2)

Panel: Economics
top
John S. Wilson
Lead Economist, Development Economics Research Group, International
Trade, The World Bank



John Wilson is a Lead Economist in the Development Economics Research
Group of the World Bank. He joined the Bank in 1999 and spent two years
in the Bank=E2=80=99s Infrastructure Vice Presidency. Mr. Wilson currently
directs research on trade costs, business facilitation, and economic
development. He also provides expertise in lending operations and has
worked on projects in the Latin America, Africa, Middle East and North
Africa, and Eastern and Central European regions. Mr. Wilson has worked
on Bank projects under preparation and completed totaling over $1.3
billion.

Among his recent publications include the chapter on =E2=80=9CTrade
Facilitation: Challenges and Opportunities in Eastern Europe and the
Former Soviet Union in From Disintegration to Reintegration: Europe and
the Former Soviet Union in International Trade, World Bank 2006. Recent
published working papers include; =E2=80=9CDo Standards Matter to Export
Success? and =E2=80=9CRoad Infrastructure in Europe and Central Asia: Does
Network Quality Affect Trade?=E2=80=9D Work in process includes, =E2=80=9CA=
id for Trade
Facilitation: Does it Matter?=E2=80=9D, and =E2=80=9CMutual Recognition Agr=
eements and
Product Standards: An Empirical Study.=E2=80=9D Mr. Wilson was also the lea=
d
author of =E2=80=9CReducing Transport Costs in an Era of Security=E2=80=9D =
Chapter 5 in
the World Bank=E2=80=99s Global Economic Prospects 2004: Realizing the
Development Promise of the Doha Agenda and task manager for Bank in
establishment of the inter-agency Standards and Trade Development
Facility. Mr. Wilson was previously Vice President for Technology
Policy at the Information Technology Industry Council in Washington,
D.C. from 1995-99. He has also been a Visiting Fellow at the Institute
for International Economics, a Senior Staff Officer at the U.S.
National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and National Research
Council, and Adjunct Professor of International Affairs at Georgetown
University.

Panel: Economics

(Position Paper: A Quick Look at Regulation and Information Technology)
top
Sherrie Bolin
President and CEO, The Bolin Group



Sherrie Bolin is President and CEO of The Bolin Group, providing
standardization, research and analysis, business strategy, and
communications consulting. By emphasizing an informed business approach
to standardization, The Bolin Group provides clients with a unique
package of strategies, implementation plans, and communication
methodologies to position their organization in the complex world of
standardization and optimize return on investment. She is the creator
and editor of The Standards Edge book series, which addresses timely
issues in standardization. She is also the co-creator and producer of
=E2=80=9CThe Standards Edge=E2=80=9D conference series. Further information=
 can be
found at: www.thebolingroup.com.

Panel: Economics

(Position Paper: Standardization as a Business Tool)
top
Bob Sutor
Vice President, Standards and Open Source, IBM Corp.


Dr. Bob Sutor is the Vice President of Open Source and Standards for
the IBM Corporation. In this role he has the responsibility for driving
and executing the cross-company business and technical strategy for
open standards and open source as they relate to software, hardware,
services, vertical industries, and emerging markets. Previously, Sutor
was Director of WebSphere Product and Market Management. This included
ownership of the WebSphere Application Server, WebSphere MQ, and the
WebSphere Business Integration product lines, as well as web services
and Service Oriented Architecture.

A 24 year veteran of IBM, Sutor worked for 15 years in IBM Research,
specializing in symbolic mathematical computation and Internet
publishing. He co-authored the books Axiom: The Scientific Computation
System and The LaTeX Web Companion. Sutor was a co-author of the W3C
Recommendation Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) as well as the W3C
Recommendation Document Object Model Level 1.

In 1999 Dr. Sutor moved to the IBM Software Group and focused on jump
starting industry use of XML. This led to positions on the Board of
Directors of the OASIS standards group and the vice chairmanship of the
ebXML effort, a joint OASIS/United Nations endeavor. Sutor then led
IBM=EF=BF=BDs industry standards and Web services strategy efforts. Dr. Sut=
or
is a widely read blogger and is a frequent speaker around the world on
open standards, open source, web services, and Service Oriented
Architecture. He is widely cited in the press and was featured in
interviews in the Harvard Business Review, CNET, eWeek, and InfoWorld.
In 2006 Sutor was named as one of Computer Business Review=EF=BF=BDs =EF=BF=
=BDOpen
Source VIPs=EF=BF=BD.

Dr. Sutor has an undergraduate degree from Harvard College and a Ph.D.
from Princeton University, both in Mathematics.

Panel: Economics
top
Alexander Galloway
Assistant Professor, Culture & Communication, New York
University



Alexander R. Galloway is an author and programmer. He is a founding
member of the software collective RSG and creator of the data
surveillance engine Carnivore. The New York Times recently described
his work as "conceptually sharp, visually compelling and completely
attuned to the political moment." Galloway is the author of Protocol:
How Control Exists After Decentralization (MIT, 2004), Gaming: Essays
on Algorithmic Culture (Minnesota, 2006), and a new book coauthored
with Eugene Thacker called The Exploit: A Theory of Networks
(forthcoming). He teaches at New York University.

Panel: Politics
top
Huang Rengang
Minister Counsellor of the Permanent Mission to the WTO, People's
Republic of China



Mr. Rengang Huang is the Minister Counsellor of the Permanent Mission
of the People's Republic of China to the World Trade Organization based
in Geneva, Switzerland. He is responsible for matters related to the
Council for Trade in Goods and its subsidiary bodies, such as the
Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade, Committee on Sanitary and
Phytosanitary Measures, Committee on Customs Valuation, Market Access
Committee, Committee on Rules of Origin, etc. Since the launching of
Doha Development Agenda multilateral trade negotiations by the WTO in
2001, he has served on many occasions as the head of the Chinese
delegations to participate in agriculture negotiations,
non-agricultural product market access negotiations and trade
facilitation negotiations in the WTO. Last year, he led the Chinese
delegation to attend the TBT Committee Session, which adopted its
fourth triennial review report reflecting for the first time the Issues
of Intellectual Property Right in Standardization based on a Chinese
proposal.

Mr Huang started his career in public service in 1986 with the Ministry
of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC) of China. He worked
for six years in the Foreign Investment Administration of MOFTEC,
responsible for policy research, international exchange, joint venture
project approval, and investment promotion. In 1992, He was appointed
Deputy Director of the Interpreting and Translating Service (ITS) under
the Protocol Department of MOFTEC and became ITS Director in 1997. In
2000, he became Deputy Director General of Protocol Department,
responsible for foreign affairs agenda of MOFTEC ministerial leaders.
In February 2002, he became Counsellor of the Chinese Mission to the
WTO. Since early 2005, he is the Minister Counsellor of the Chinese
Mission to the World Trade Organization in Geneva. Mr. Huang is a
holder an M.A. degree in International Studies from the University of
International Business and Economics in Beijing, China; an MBA degree
from Cardiff Business School, University of Wales, UK; and a B.A.
degree in English Literature from Nankai University, Tianjin, China. He
has been invited to present or give lectures on trade policy issues at
universities in Europe, America, and Asia. He has been involved in
creation, compilation and translation of some publications on
trade-related topics.



Panel: Politics
top
Linda Garcia
Professor & Director, Communication, Culture & Technology,
Georgetown University



Linda Garcia is Director of the Communication, Culture and Technology
Program. Prior to coming to Georgetown in 1996, she was Project
Director and Senior Associate at the Office of Technology Assessment,
of the US Congress where she directed studies on electronic commerce,
intellectual property rights, national and international
telecommunications policy, standards development, and telecommunication
and economic development.

(Position Paper: Bringing the Public Interest into Standard Setting)

Panel: Politics
top
Vittorio Bertola
At-Large Advisory Committee, ICANN; President & CTO, Dynamic Fun



Vittorio Bertola, from Turin, Italy, born in 1974, holds a degree cum
laude in Electronical Engineering obtained at Politecnico di Torino. He
deals with the Internet in all its aspects, including technical,
business, social and political matters, as an entrepreneur, writer,
activist and engineer.

While working as a freelance consultant in policy and technical
projects, he is presently a Partner in Dynamic Fun, a company he
co-founded that lies among the innovation leaders in Italy for what
pertains to the usage of wireless and Internet technologies to improve
logistical and commercial processes in corporations and to enhance
public services. He was previously one of the promoters of Vitaminic,
one of the most successful "dot com" companies in Italy, as its Vice
President for Technology, a position he held since the foundation of
the company through its multinational growth and IPO in Milan's New
Market. He previously worked for Omnitel (now Vodafone Italy) and for
Politecnico di Torino, where, as a student, he was an elected Board
Member.

He is often busy as a conference speaker, a renowned blogger and a
writer for Italian newsletters and magazines. He has also been dealing
for many years now with Internet policies at the national and
international level; he was a member of the United Nations' Working
Group on Internet Governance (WGIG), appointed by the UN Secretary
General Mr. Kofi Annan, and is a member of the Internet Governance
Consulting Committee of the Italian government, appointed by Minister
Luigi Nicolais. He represents the global Internet users in the Board of
ICANN, the global policy making entity for Internet domain names. He is
a Councillor of Societ=C3=A0 Internet, the Italian chapter of the Internet
Society, and is or was a member in the policy boards of top level
domain names such as .it and .mobi. Over the last ten years, he has
been the promoter of a number of online initiatives, which made him a
well known figure on the Italian Internet.

(Position Paper: The Age of Mass Standards)

Panel: Politics
top
Natalie Sunker
Republic of South Africa, Deputy Director, Intellectual Property,
Policy & Legislation, Department of Trade and Industry



Coming soon...

(Posiiton Paper: Poltiical Issues--South Africa)

Panel: Politics
top
Victoria Espinel
Assistant USTR, Intellectual Property & Innovation, Office of the U.S.
Trade Representative


Ms. Espinel serves as the Assistant USTR for Intellectual Property and
Innovation at the Office of the United States Trade Representative. In
this capacity, she is the chief policy advisor to the United States
Trade Representative, President Bush and the Administration agencies on
intellectual property and trade issues, and is responsible for
developing and implementing United States trade policy on intellectual
property.

Among her responsibilities, Ms. Espinel is the lead U.S. trade
negotiator on intellectual property, including in the WTO TRIPS Council
and the U.S. free trade agreements. In addition, Ms Espinel oversees
bilateral discussions with numerous trading partners on a wide variety
of intellectual property issues.

Ms. Espinel oversees enforcement of intellectual property protection
required under international trade rules. Ms. Espinel is responsible
for implementation and enforcement of intellectual property obligations
under the WTO agreements and all US free trade agreements. In addition,
Ms. Espinel=3Ds office authors the annual =E2=80=9CSpecial 301" review of
international protection of intellectual property rights and chairs the
interagency committee that contributes to that report.

Prior to assuming her current position, Ms. Espinel served as Deputy
Assistant USTR for Intellectual Property and as Associate General
Counsel at USTR. As Deputy Assistant USTR, Ms. Espinel helped create
and led international outreach efforts for the President=E2=80=99s multi-ag=
ency
initiative to combat global counterfeiting and piracy (STOP). She was
the chief U.S. trade negotiator for intellectual property, managing
negotiations at the WTO, US free trade agreements and through bilateral
discussions with over 50 countries on a wide variety of IP issues.

As Associate General Counsel, she served as the lead USTR attorney for
intellectual property. In this capacity, Ms. Espinel was instrumental
in crafting the 2003 WTO Agreement on TRIPS and Public Health and the
U.S.=E2=80=99s successful litigation in the WTO against the European Union=
=E2=80=99s
regulations on geographical indications. In addition, Ms. Espinel was
the lead IP attorney for the free trade agreements that the U.S.
concluded with Singapore, Australia, Morocco and Bahrain.

Before joining USTR, Ms. Espinel was with the law firm of Covington &
Burling in London and Washington, D.C., where she led international IP
anti-piracy enforcement programs for Microsoft and the Business
Software Alliance, directing copyright litigation and enforcement in
over 30 countries in Europe, Middle East and Africa.

Ms. Espinel began her legal career at Sidley, Austin, Brown & Wood in
New York focused on structured financial transactions.

Ms. Espinel is the author of several published articles on
international copyright issues. She holds an LLM from the London School
of Economics, a J.D. from Georgetown University Law School, and a B.S.
in Foreign Service from Georgetown University=E2=80=99s School of Foreign
Service.


Panel: Politics
top
Daniel Benoliel
ISP Fellow Alumnus, Information Society Project, Yale Law School



Dr. Daniel Benoliel is a lecturer at the Hebrew University, at
Jerusalem and the Haifa University Law Faculties in Israel. He teaches
Patent law, Biotechnology law and Foreign Trade law. Previously he was
a Visiting Fellow with the Information Society Project between 2004-5.
He holds of a legal doctoral degree (J.S.D) (With Honors) from the
University of California, at Berkeley (Boalt Hall), supervised by
Professor Mark Lemley.

Daniel has written on technological standard setting, DRM regulation,
digital privacy and copyright law. His writings include: Copyright
Distributive Injustice, 8 Yale J. of Law & Tech. (2006), Law, Geography
and Cyberspace: The Case of Territorial Privacy, 23 Cardozo Arts & Ent.
L.J. 125 (2005); Technological Standards, Inc.: Rethinking Cyberspace
Regulatory Epistemology, 92 Calif. L. Rev. 1069 (2004); Cyberspace
Technological Standardization: An Institutional Theory Retrospective,
18 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 1259 (2003); and joint EPIC-Yale ISP Comments to
the European Commission on Privacy Data Retention (Sept. 04).

Previously, he was also a John M. Olin Fellow (2002-2004); a DAAD
Residential Fellow (Summer 2003) at the Graduiertenkolleg f=C3=BCr Recht un=
d
=C3=96konomik at the University of Hamburg, Germany; and the recipient of a=
n
Information Technology Research (ITR) Research Grant, The Center for
Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (CITRIS) at
Berkeley, for work on privacy. His two first papers were also awarded
best student articles at the TPRC 2002 and CFP 2004 conferences,
respectively.

He received an LL.B & LL.M (Hon.) from the Hebrew University, at
Jerusalem and an LL.M from the University of Pennsylvania. Daniel has
also been involved in public work as a human rights attorney. Among his
activities he has litigated at the Israeli Supreme Court, has served as
Amnesty International =E2=80=93 Israel Section Lawyer's Network Coordinator=
 and
was a member at the National Human Rights Committee at the Israeli Bar
Association.
E-mail: benolield@gmail.com


Panel: law
top
Andrew Updegrove
Partner, Gesmer Updegrove LLP



Andrew Updegrove is a co-founder and partner of the Boston law firm of
Gesmer Updegrove LLP. Since 1988 he has worked with over 70 consortia,
accredited standards development organizations and open source
consortia, and has assisted many of the largest technology companies in
the world in forming such organizations. He has testified before the
United States Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission
regarding consortia and standard setting, and has filed pro bono
"friend of the court" briefs with the Federal Circuit Court, Supreme
Court, and Federal Trade Commission on leading standards litigation. In
2002, he launched ConsortiumInfo.org, the most extensive resource on
the Internet dedicated to consortia and standard setting, and the
Consortium Standards Bulletin, a monthly e-Journal of news, ideas and
analysis on standard setting that now has thousands of subscribers. In
2004 he was asked to join the United States Standards Strategy revision
committee, received the President's Award for Journalism from ANSI in
2005, and currently serves on the Boards of Directors of the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the Free Standards Group. He is
a graduate of Yale University and the Cornell University Law School.

Panel: law
top
John Morris
Director, Internet Standards, Technology, and Policy Project,
Center for Democracy and Technology



John B. Morris, Jr. is the Director of CDT's "Internet Standards,
Technology and Policy Project." Prior to joining CDT in April 2001, Mr.
Morris was a partner in the law firm of Jenner & Block, where he
litigated groundbreaking cases in Internet and First Amendment law. He
was a lead counsel in the ACLU v. Reno/American Library Association v.
U.S. Dep't of Justice case, in which the Supreme Court unanimously
overturned the Communications Decency Act of 1996 and extended to
speech on the Internet the highest level of constitutional protection.
In that case, Mr. Morris was responsible for the development of the
factual presentation concerning how the Internet works, a presentation
that served as the foundation for the Supreme Court's landmark
decision.

Mr. Morris's ties to CDT are not new. From May 1999 through April 2000,
he took a leave of absence from his law firm to serve as director of
CDT's Broadband Access Project. The Project undertook a comprehensive
assessment of the legal, policy, and factual issues surrounding the
emergence of broadband Internet access technologies.

Prior to becoming a lawyer, Mr. Morris had extensive experience with
both computers and politics. In the mid-1970's, as a staff member on
Capitol Hill, Morris helped to promote the use of computer software to
manage and improve constituent communications. In 1981, Mr. Morris
joined the Datatel Minicomputer Company, where he was one of the lead
system designers of the original version of the Quorum constituent
management software. In 1985, he co-founded Intelligent Solutions,
Inc., which took over development of Quorum and built it into the
leading constituent services product used by Members of Congress today.

Mr. Morris received his B.A. magna cum laude with distinction from Yale
University and his J.D. from Yale Law School, where he was the Managing
Editor of the Yale Law Journal. Following law school, he clerked for
Judge Thomas A. Clark of the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals, and
worked for three years as a staff attorney at the Southern Center for
Human Rights in Atlanta, Georgia. He joined Jenner & Block in 1990.

Panel: law

(Position Paper: Injecting the Public Interest into Technical Standards)
top
John Palfrey
Executive Director, Berkman Center for Internet & Society; Clinical
Professor of Law, Harvard Law School



As Clinical Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and Executive
Director of the Berkman Center for Internet & Society, John=E2=80=99s work
focuses on Internet law, intellectual property, and the potential of
new technologies to strengthen democracies locally and around the
world.

John came to the Berkman Center from the law firm Ropes & Gray, where
he worked on intellectual property, Internet law, and private equity
transactions. John is a co-founder of several technology companies. He
also served as a Special Assistant at the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency during the Clinton administration. He serves on the Board of
Directors of the Charles River Watershed Association, which does
terrific work to clean up our local river, as well as the non-profit
that runs Chris Lydon=E2=80=99s and Mary McGrath=E2=80=99s radio program, O=
pen Source.
While attending Harvard Law School, John worked at the Berkman Center,
was a Teaching Fellow in Internet Law, and served as an editor of the
Harvard Environmental Law Review.

Outside of his Berkman Center work, he is a founder of RSS Investors, a
private equity firm focused on new syndication technologies, and is
Chairman of the Board of TopTenSources, a new media company. He is
active in Massachusetts politics.

John graduated from Harvard College, the University of Cambridge, and
Harvard Law School. He was a Rotary Foundation Ambassadorial Scholar to
the University of Cambridge and the U.S. EPA Gold Medal (highest
national award). John is admitted to the New York and Massachusetts
bars.

Panel: law
top
Robin Gross
Executive Director, IP Justice

Robin D. Gross is founder and Executive Director of IP Justice an
international civil liberties organization that promotes balanced
intellectual property law and protects freedom of expression
(www.ipjustice.org). An attorney, Ms. Gross advises policy makers
throughout the world on the impact of intellectual property rules
before national legislatures and in international treaties and trade
agreements. Ms. Gross lectures at international seminars, law schools
and universities on cyberspace legal issues including digital
copyright, fair use, and Peer-2-Peer (P2P) file-sharing.

In May 2006 UN Secretary General appointed Ms. Gross as Member of his
Advisory Group to the UN Internet Governance Forum. Ms. Gross serves as
a member of the High Technology Legal Advisory Board for Santa Clara
University School of Law, where she teaches International Copyright
Law. She represents the Non-Commercial Users (NCUC) Constituency on the
GNSO Policy Council at the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN). She is a member of the Board of Directors for the
Union for the Public Domain, a nonprofit organization in Washington,
D.C. that is dedicated to protecting the public domain. Ms. Gross also
serves as a member of the Advisory Board for Computer Professionals for
Social Responsibility - Peru, and for FreeMuse, an independent
international organization based in Copenhagen that advocates freedom
of expression for musicians and composers worldwide.

Panel: law
top
Amy Marasco
General Manager for Standards Strategy, Microsoft



Amy Marasco is Microsoft's General Manager for Standards Strategy. She
leads the team within Microsoft's Corporate Standards Team that
addresses strategic policy and engagement issues on a corporate-wide,
global basis.

Ms. Marasco joined Microsoft after serving as the Vice President and
General Counsel of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
from 1994-2004, and currently serves on the ANSI Board of Directors.
She actively participates in standards policy discussions at the ITU-T,
ETSI, ANSI, IEEE, W3C, AIPLA, ITI, IPO, EICTA, and other similar
organizations.

Prior to joining ANSI, Ms. Marasco was a litigation attorney for ten
years with the law firm of Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft in its New
York office.

Panel: law

.



------------
Thiru Balasubramaniam
Geneva Representative
CPTech
voice +41.22.791.6727
fax +41.22.723.2988
mobile +41 76 508 0997
thiru@cptech.org
--